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1. Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspeet all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler (喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual (手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety，never tamper with (胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment. Fire Drills A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following: Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift. Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions. Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines. Smoke Detectors A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector: If your smoke detetor is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking (闪动)，contact residence hall staf inmediately. Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
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2. No one is borm a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own _ . I learned this lesson from a(n) _ many years ago. I took the head _ job at a school in Baxley , Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the _ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to _ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't _ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to _ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were _ me. I had to change my _ about their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little _. Most important, I began to treat them like _. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their _ , we met every day and _ passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our _ on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to _. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a _ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest _ of my life! From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can _ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and _ them. I helped them to see themselves _, and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born.
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3. There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _ ( have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears _ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _ ( cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _ (easy) see them. But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades _ ( improve) a lttle after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want _ ( wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no _ ( connect) between uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are _ ( tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
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4. There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the _ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that's precisely why one _ Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving _ on discarded (丢弃) food. The three-month, 1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's _ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. As you can _ , the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants _ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of _ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places _ him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal _ most restaurants have a policy against _ food waste. "Some people have even _ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said. What's _ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause. Berlin has been the _ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to _ at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The _ is all the more serious when you consider the _ exercise required to bike from France to Poland. "I have to get food _ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the _ ," Dubanchet explained. "Is my _ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not waht I am eating." He aims to _ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process.
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5. Rock music of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. _ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. _ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends (传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. _ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were deseribed as a British invasion (入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles , a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. _
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6. California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor (因素). The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46 ,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country , the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick MeIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources (资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of bigtrees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt (融雪). Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
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7. Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached toit with pins and a sign that read," Give What You Can, Take What You Need. " People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. " People of all ages, races, and socio-economic (社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took," said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox , which created the project. " We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars. " Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip (片段) shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board. "What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles ," Bridges said. "There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most. " Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could. While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet. "After all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. "Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand."
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8. Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military (军队的) medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collector , Zac tracks down the medals' rightful owners, and returns them. His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart - he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do. Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado's sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: " Who are you? What antique shop?" However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N. Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business," Zac says. " To drive eight hours to come to see me." The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WW Ⅱ, was killed in action in Europe. Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac's mother had found was a family treasure. " This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions (场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline says. As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. "But as I grew older," Adeline says, " and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left. " Corrado Piccoli's Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown. Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado's medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
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9. Would you BET on the future of this man? He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning,and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote (《堂吉诃德》). And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days , while others go to seed long before? We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark, l'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there, l'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere. The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we cant change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing. With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos (自我), whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept. Many of us equate (视……等同于) "commitment" with such "caring" occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.
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10. How does an ecosystem (生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how mucheach one eats. With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator ( 掠食动物 ) alway seats huge numbers of a single prey ( 猎物 ), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species , they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction ( 灭绝 ) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover, The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s，scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species- including species they did notdirectly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land，wekilled off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarrkably difficult for them to return.
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